【Ifyouthinkahigh-factorsunscre-查字典问答网

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　　【Ifyouthinkahigh-factorsunscreen（防晒霜）keepsyousafefromharmfulrays，youmaybewrong．Researchinthisweek'sNatureshowsthatwhilefactor50reducesthenumberofmelanomas（黒瘤）anddelaystheiroccurrence，itcan'tpr】

　　Ifyouthinkahigh-factorsunscreen （防晒霜） keepsyousafefromharmfulrays，youmaybewrong．Researchinthisweek'sNatureshowsthatwhilefactor50reducesthenumberofmelanomas （黒瘤） anddelaystheiroccurrence，itcan'tpreventthem．Melanomasarethemostaggressiveskincancers．Youhaveahigherriskifyouhaveredorblondhair，fairskin，blueorgreeneyes，orsunburneasily，orifacloserelativehashadone．Melanomasaremorecommonifyouhaveperiodicintenseexposuretothesun．Otherskincancersareincreasinglylikelywithlong-termexposure．

　　Thereiscontinuingdebateastohoweffectivesunscreenisinreducingmelanomas---theevidenceisweakerthanitisforpreventingothertypesofskincancer．A2011Australianstudyof1，621peoplefoundthatpeoplerandomlyselectedtoapplysunscreendailyhadhalftherateofmelanomasofpeoplewhousedcreamasneeded．Asecondstudy，comparing1，167peoplewithmelanomasto1，101whodidn'thavethecancer，foundthatusingsunscreenroutinely，alongsideotherprotectionsuchashats，longsleevesorstayingintheshade，didgivesomeprotection．Thisstudysaidotherformsofsunprotection---notsunscreen---seemedmostbeneficial．Thestudyreliedonpeoplerememberingwhattheyhaddoneovereachdecadeoftheirlives，soit'snotentirelyreliable．Butitseemsreasonabletothinksunscreengivespeopleafalsesenseofsecurityinthesun．

　　Manypeoplealsodon'tusesunscreenproperly---applyinginsufficientamounts，failingtoreapplyafteracoupleofhoursandstayinginthesuntoolong．Itissunburnthatismostworrying---recentresearchshowsfiveepisodesofsunburnintheteenageyearsincreasestheriskofallskincancers．

　　Thegoodnewsisthatacombinationofsunscreenandcoveringupcanreducemelanomarates，asshownbyAustralianfiguresfromtheirslip-slop-slapcampaign．Soifthereisaheatwavethissummer，itwouldbebestforus，too，tosliponashirt，slopon （抹上） sunscreenandslaponahat．

　　32．WhatdoestheresearchinNaturesayaboutahigh-factorsunscreen___

　　A．Itisineffectiveinpreventingmelanomas．

　　B．Itisineffectiveincaseofintensesunlight．

　　C．Itisineffectivewithlong-termexposure．

　　D．Itisineffectiveforpeoplewithfairskin

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2020-05-0407:18

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黎晖

　　ADCA

　　32．A事实细节题．文章首段第二句提到Researchinthisweek'sNatureshowsthatwhilefactor50reducesthenumberofmelanomas（黒瘤）anddelaystheiroccurrence，itcan'tpreventthem．，本周《自然》杂志的一项研究表明，尽管防晒指数为50的防晒霜能够减少黑瘤的数量，并延缓其出现，但却并不能阻止其发生．由此可见，此项研究表明高指数的防晒霜并不能有效阻止黑瘤的发生，故答案为A．

　　33．D推理判断题．文章第二段首句指出Thereiscontinuingdebateastohoweffectivesunscreenisinreducingmelanomas---theevidenceisweakerthanitisforpreventingothertypesofskincancer．，对于防晒霜减少黑瘤的有效性一直存在争议，第二句则举例说明，提到2011年澳大利亚一项涉及1，621人的研究发现，随机抽取的每天使用防晒霜的人群患黑瘤的几率是需要时才使用面霜的人群的一半．由此可知，根据此项研究，每天使用防晒霜的确能够降低患黑瘤的几率，即坚持使用防晒霜是有一定效果的，故答案为D．

　　34．C推理判断题．该段第三、四句承接上文，介绍了澳大利亚的第二项相关研究，第五句则是作者对研究过程与结果的主观评论，指出，由于此研究基于人们对他们一生中每个十年所采取防晒措施的回忆，因此并不完全可靠．由此可见，此研究并不是基于对被研究对象的直接观察，故答案为C．

　　35．A推理判断题．文章第四段第一句提到Thegoodnewsisthatacombinationofsunscreenandcoveringupcanreducemelanomarates，asshownbyAustralianfiguresfromtheirslip-slop-slapcampaign．，正如澳大利亚人"套上一涂上一扣上"运动的数据所显示的，综合使用防晒霜和皮肤遮盖措施能够降低黑瘤发病率，第二句据此提出作者自己的观点和建议：如果今年夏天有热浪，我们也最好套上T恤，抹上防晒霜，并且扣上帽子．也就是说，作者建议我们同时使用防晒霜和衣服、帽子等其他防护措施，故答案为A．