【SigmundFreudwasoneofthefirstscientiststomakeseriousresearchofthemind.Themindisthecollectionofactivitiesbasedinthebrainthatinvolvehowweactthinkfeelandreason.Heusedlongtalkswithpatientsandthestudyof】

　　SigmundFreudwasoneofthefirstscientiststomakeseriousresearchofthemind.Themindisthecollectionofactivitiesbasedinthebrainthatinvolvehowweactthinkfeelandreason.

　　Heusedlongtalkswithpatientsandthestudyofdreamstosearchforthecausesofmentalandemotionalproblems.Healsotriedhypnosis(催眠术).Hewantedtoseewhetherputtingpatientsintoasleep-likeconditionwouldhelpeasetroubledminds.Inmostcaseshefoundtheeffectsonlytemporary.

　　Freudworkedhardalthoughwhathedidmightsoundeasy.Hismethodinvolvedsittingwithhispatientsandlisteningtothemtalk.Hehadthemtalkaboutwhatevertheywerethinking.Allideasthoughtsandanythingthatenteredtheirmindhadtobeexpressed.Therecouldbenoholdingbackbecauseoffearorguilt.

　　Freudbelievedthatallthepainfulmemoriesofchildhoodlayburiedintheunconsciousself.Thispartofthemindhesaidcontainswishesdesiresandexperiencestoofrighteningtorecognize.

　　Hethoughtthatifthesememoriescouldsomehowbebroughtintotheconsciousmindthepatientwouldagainfeelthepain.Butthistimethepersonwouldexperiencethemasanadult.Thepatientwouldfeelthembeabletoexaminethemandifsuccessfulfinallyunderstandthem.

　　UsingthiswayFreudreasonedthepainandemotionalpressureofthepastwouldbegreatlyweakened.Theywouldlosetheirholdovertheperson'sphysicalhealth.Soonthepatientwouldgetbetter.

　　ManyofFreud'stheoriesabouthowthemindworksalsohadstrongsexualconnections.Theseincludedwhathesawastherepressedfeelingsofsonstowardtheirmothersanddaughterstowardtheirfathers.

　　IfnothingelseFreud'sideaswererevolutionary.Somepeoplerejectedthem.Manyotherscametoacceptthem.Butnoonedisputeshisgreatinfluenceonthescienceofmentalhealth.

　　【小题1】HowmanymethodsdidSigmundFreudusetostudythemind?

　　A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.【小题2】SigmundFreud’sresearchwasdifficultbecause______.A．hehadtoworkhardandhavepatientstalkfreelyB．hehadtolivewithpeoplewhohadtroubledmindsC．hehadtolistentounhapp