英语哪些词后接虚拟语气?
英语哪些词后接虚拟语气?
英语哪些词后接虚拟语气?
英语哪些词后接虚拟语气?
1.动词suggest,order,demand,propose,request,command,insist等后的宾语从句中,用虚拟语气(即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形)来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等.在动词wish/wouldrather后的宾语从句中,用过去式表示与现在事实不符,用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符.
e.g.Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.
Thedoctorinsistedthatthepatient(should)beX-rayed.
IwishIwereasstrongasyou.
Iwouldratherthatyouhadn'ttoldhim.
2.在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形或只用动词原形.如:
Oursuggestionisthatyou(should)bethefirsttogo.
Myadviceisthatwe(should)sendforDoctorLi.
Doyouknowtheorderthatyou(should)keepwatch?
3.在Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural;Itisrequested/suggested/desired/proposed;itisapity等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气,即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形.如:
Itisnecessarythathe(should)besentthereatonce.
ItisrequestedthatProfessorLi(should)giveusaspeech.
Itisdesiredthatwe(should)geteverythingreadybytonight.
4.在asif引导的状语从句中,用过去式表示与现在事实不符,用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符;Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.
5.在sothat,inorderthat引导的状语从句中,(根if状语从句中的主句形式相同)常用should/would/could/might+动词原形来表示虚拟语气.如:
Shestayedathomeforafewdayssothatshecouldtakecareofhermother.
Hetookataxitothestationsothatsheshouldnotmissthetrain.
6.在itistime后面的定语从句中常用过去式表示虚拟.
It’stimeIwasgoing.
It’stimesomebodytaughtyoutobehaveyourself.
7.由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气
A.用wish表示对现在的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:过去式(be动词用were).
B.用wish表示对将来的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:would,could,might+动词原形.
C.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时,宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为:had+动词过去分词或could,would+have+动词过去分词.
Iwishthatheweren’tsolazy.
IwishIhadn'twastedsomuchtime.
Iwishshewouldchangehermind.
8.hadhoped/planned/thought/wanted/intended表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事.
Ihadthoughthehadbeendeadforatleast20years.
IhadhopedthatshewouldgototheU.S.andstudythere,butshesaid
shelikedtostayinChina.
9.wouldrather.(与if从句相同)
would(had)rather,wouldassoon,wouldsooner和wouldprefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况,用过去完成时表示过去的情况,表示希望或婉转的责备.例如:
I’dratheryoupostedtheletterrightaway.我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去.
Iwouldpreferhedidn’tstaytheretoolong.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久.
Iwouldjustassoonyouhadreturnedthebookyesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了.
10.虚拟语气在由某些连词,常见的这些连词和介词有:与if从句相同
1)unless(除非),provided(倘若),supposing(假若),providing(倘若),onconditionthat(如果),由这些词、词组引出的从句,动词多用过去时.
除非你命令他做,要不他是不会做的.
Hewouldn'tdoitunlessyouorderedhimto.
假若你有机会出国,你会去哪儿呢?
Providing(if)youhadtheopportunitytogoabroad,wherewouldyougo?
11.forfearthat(以免,唯恐),inorderthat(以便),whether(不管),lest(以免),incase(假使),从句中加情态动词,有时should可省略.
他把它藏起来以免她看见.
Hehiditlestshe(should)seeit.
我得准备点啤酒,说不定约翰会来.
I'llgetsomebeerincaseJohnshouldcome.
他轻轻地进屋,