英语翻译1)Properdrainageisessentia-查字典问答网
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  英语翻译1)Properdrainageisessentialinroadbuilding,becauseifthefoundationbecamesoggy,theheavyroadwouldsickintoit.Andifthewaterweretofreezeintheground,itwouldexpandandcracktheroad.Toprotectthehighwayfromsuchdam

  英语翻译

  1)Properdrainageisessentialinroadbuilding,becauseifthefoundationbecamesoggy,theheavyroadwouldsickintoit.Andifthewaterweretofreezeintheground,itwouldexpandandcracktheroad.Toprotectthehighwayfromsuchdamage,drainpipescalledculvertsarelaidacrosstheroadbedwhereverastrongflowofwaterisexpected.theroadbeditselfisshapedsothatthemiddleofthefinishedroadwouldbehigherthanthesides.Thenwaterandmeltingsnowwilleasilydrainoffitssurfaceintothedrainpipesorditches.Theroadbedisgivenafinalgrading(smoothing)andisnowreadytoreceivetheroaditself.

  2)Abridgehasalwaysofferedmanthesatisfactionofsuccessfullyconqueringanobstruction,beitaprimitivebridgeoftheancientsoramodernbridgeofimmensegracefukinview,balancedindistributionofmass,harmoniousinproportion,orderlyinlines,integralwiththeenvironment.

  3)Inancienttimes,bridgesoftencrossedriversatrightangles,hadhumpsinthemiddle,hadnodiscretefootpaths,andwereinvariablybuiltofstoneandtimberusingthearchformofconstruction.Thesubsequentevolutionofbridgeengineeringistheresultofimprovementofstructuralformaspermittedbygraduallyimprovedunderstandingofstructuralanalysisanddesign,coupledwithimprovedconstructionmaterialsandmethodsoffabricationanderection.

  4)Scientificknowledgeaboutmaterialsandstructuralbehaviorhasexpandedtremendously,andcomputingtechniquesarenowwidelyavailabletomanipulatecomplextheoriesveryquickly.Engineershavevirtuallyrevolutionizedbridgedesignandconstructionmethodsinthepastdecade.theseadvancesapplytoshort-,medium-,andlong-spanbridges.

  5)Commonelementsofthesubstructureareabutments(usuallyatthebridgeends)andpiers(betweentheabutments).Piersandabutmentsoftenrestonseparatelyconstructedfoundationssuchasconcretespreadfootingsorgroupsofbearingpiles;thesefoundationssuchasconcretespreadfootingsorgroupsofbearingpiles;thesefoundationsarepartofthesubstructure.Occasionallyabridgesubstructurecomprisesaseriesofpilebentsinwhichthepilesextendabovethewaterlineandaretoppedbyapilecapthat,inreturn,supportsthemajorstr

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2020-03-3117:52
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郭志斌

  1)Properdrainageisessentialinroadbuilding,becauseifthefoundationbecamesoggy,theheavyroadwouldsickintoit.

  专用的排水系统在路建中是一个重要因素,因为如果路基被水渗入,那么沉重的道路就会陷到里面去.

  Andifthewaterweretofreezeintheground,itwouldexpandandcracktheroad.

  而且如果土壤因水被冻结起来,那么道路就会膨胀裂开.

  Toprotectthehighwayfromsuchdamage,drainpipescalledculvertsarelaidacrosstheroadbedwhereverastrongflowofwaterisexpected.

  为了保护高速公路不受到上述的毁坏,在一些常有很大水流的地方排水管被要求要以涵洞的形式铺设在路基里.

  theroadbeditselfisshapedsothatthemiddleofthefinishedroadwouldbehigherthanthesides.

  路基本身都是设计好的所以就出现了完工的道路上路中间比两侧高的情况.

  Thenwaterandmeltingsnowwilleasilydrainoffitssurfaceintothedrainpipesorditches.

  那么当水和融化的雪就会很容易的从路面排走到排水管或者排水渠里.

  Theroadbedisgivenafinalgrading(smoothing)andisnowreadytoreceivetheroaditself.

  路基会有一个最后整形(修匀)然后就是准备好铺路了.

  2)Abridgehasalwaysofferedmanthesatisfactionofsuccessfullyconqueringanobstruction,beitaprimitivebridgeoftheancientsora

  modernbridgeofimmensegracefuk(graceful)inview,balancedindistributionofmass,harmoniousinproportion,orderlyinlines,integralwith

  theenvironment.

  桥梁总是为人提供克服障碍的满意途径,我们所见到的极其美丽的无论是古老的或现代的桥梁,质量分配均匀,比例和谐,线条优美,与环境融为一体.

  3)Inancienttimes,bridgesoftencrossedriversatrightangles,hadhumpsinthemiddle,hadnodiscretefootpaths,andwereinvariablybuilt

  ofstoneandtimberusingthearchformofconstruction.

  在古时,桥梁常常是适当的角落横跨河流,在其中间有桥拱.没有松散的小道,而且始终如一的由石头建成,用木材搭成拱形的结构.

  Thesubsequentevolutionofbridgeengineeringistheresultofimprovementofstructuralformaspermittedbygraduallyimprovedunderstanding

  ofstructuralanalysisanddesign,coupledwithimprovedconstructionmaterialsandmethodsoffabricationanderection.

  后来的桥梁工程的演变就是结构形式被人们逐渐改进的结构分析的理解和设计伴随着建筑材料生产和建筑方法的改进的结果.

  4)Scientificknowledgeaboutmaterialsandstructuralbehaviorhasexpandedtremendously,andcomputingtechniquesarenowwidelyavailableto

  manipulatecomplextheoriesveryquickly.

  材料和建筑方法的科学知识已经被极大的发展,并且科技非常快地广泛利应于制造混合材料的理论.

  Engineershavevirtuallyrevolutionizedbridgedesignandconstructionmethodsinthepastdecade.theseadvancesapplytoshort-,medium-,and

  long-spanbridges.

  在过去的十年里工程师们事实上对桥梁进设计和建筑方法都进行了革命.这些提高应用于短的,中等的以及长的跨距的桥梁.

  5)Commonelementsofthesubstructureareabutments(usuallyatthebridgeends)andpiers(betweentheabutments).

  根基的一般要素是桥台(一般在桥梁的末端)和桥墩(在桥台之间).

  Piersandabutmentsoftenrestonseparatelyconstructedfoundationssuchasconcretespreadfootingsorgroupsofbearingpiles;these

  foundationssuchasconcretespreadfootingsorgroupsofbearingpiles;thesefoundationsarepartofthesubstructure.

  桥墩和桥台常常置放在不相连的那好的地基上,例如铺在底部的混凝土或成组的支撑桥桩这一类的;这些像铺在底部的混凝土或成组的支撑桥桩这一类的地基;这些地基都是桥基的

  组成部分.

  Occasionallyabridgesubstructurecomprisesaseriesofpilebentsinwhichthepilesextendabovethewaterlineandaretoppedbyapilecap

  that,inreturn,supportsthemajorstructuralelementsofthesuperstructure.

  偶尔桥梁结构会包括在桥桩延伸到吃水线并被一堆桥桩帽置顶的一组桩排架,作为反馈,支撑着上部结构

2020-03-31 17:53:34
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