被动语态的易错之处,请详解.
被动语态的易错之处,请详解.
被动语态的易错之处,请详解.
被动语态的易错之处,请详解.
是初中还是高中的,
这是初中的:
在初中英语教材中,被动语态是一个重点语法项目.使用被动语态时应注意以下几点:
【探寻一】及物动词(或动词短语)有被动语态;不及物动词(或动词短语)无被动语态.例如:
(1)【误】Theaccidentwashappenedthismorning.
【正】Theaccidenthappenedthis
morning.
(2)【误】Greatchangesweretaken
placeinthepasttenyearsinChina.
【正】Greatchangeshavetaken
placeinthepasttenyearsinChina.
【探寻二】主动句中带双宾语的动词,若将直接宾语改为被动句的主语,动词后应加to或for;如将间接宾语改为被动句的主语,不需加介词.例如:
【误】Apresentwasgiveneverybodyyesterday.
【正】Apresentwasgivento
everybodyyesterday.
【正】Everybodywasgivenapresentyesterday.
常见的带双宾语的动词有:give,send,pass,show,bring,tell(以上单词通常用to),buy,get,read,make(以上单词通常用for).
【探寻三】“感使动词”(feel,hear,listento,let,have,make,see,watch,notice,lookat)真奇怪,主动结构“to”走开,被动结构又请来,十个动词要记牢,不会被它再难倒.例如:
(1)【误】Lilyisoftenheardsinginherbedroom.
【正】Lilyisoftenheardtosing
inherbedroom.
(2)【误】Whenfatherwasyoung,hewasmadeworkfrommorningtillnight.
【正】Whenfatherwasyoung,hewasmadetoworkfrommorningtillnight.
【探寻四】固定结构中的介词或副词在被动结构中不可省去.例如:
【误】ThegardenwastakengoodcarewhiletheGreenswereawayfromhome.
【正】Thegardenwastakengood
careofwhiletheGreenswereawayfromhome.
这类常见的短语动词有:lookfor,lookafter,takecareof,workout,puton等.
【探寻五】有些动词如look,seem,smell,sound,feel,taste等作连系动词用后接形容词作表语,主动形式可表被动意义,不用被动语态.例如:
【误】Theappleistastedverysweet.
【正】Theappletastesverysweet.
【探寻六】有些动词如write,read,sell,wash,open等当强调动作执行情况时,有被动语态;当用作不及物动词来说明主语本身所具有的特征时,无被动语态.例如:
(1)【误】Thecomputersaresoldwell.
【正】Thecomputerssellwell.
(2)【误】Thenewpenarewrittenwell.
【正】Thenewpenwriteswell.
【探寻七】在need,want(需要)等动词后接不定式时,不定式有被动语态;接动名词时,动名词无被动语态.例如:
【误】Theclassroomneedstoclean.【正】Theclassroomneedstobe
cleaned/cleaning.
【探寻八】在“too…to…”结构和形容词enoughtodo结构中,通常用主动形式表示被动意义.例如:
【误】Theproblemistoodifficulttobeworkedout.
【正】Theproblemistoodifficulttoworkout.
【友情测试】
用动词的适当形式填空
1.NOSMOKINGshould______(see)inthestoreseveninmanypartsofthecity.(2006年甘肃兰州)
2.TheOlympicGames______(hold)inBeijingin2008.(2006年四川自贡)
3.—Birdflu(禽流感)isstillveryseriousinsomecountries.
—Yes.Somethingmust______(do)tostopitfromspreading(传播).
(2006年江苏连云港)
4.—Willyoubeavolunteer(志愿者)whenthe2008OlympicGames________(hold)inBeijing?
—Ihopeso.(2006年江苏连云港)
5.—Ihearthattwochildren’sfunparks______(build)lastyearinourcity.
—Iknow,butIthinktwoarenotenough.(2006年江苏连云港)
【参考答案】
1.beseen2.willbeheld3.bedone4.areheld5.werebuilt