求cost,spend,take,pay起四个词的用法怎样才不会用混淆他们啊特别是cost和take
求cost,spend,take,pay
起四个词的用法怎样才不会用混淆他们啊特别是cost和take
求cost,spend,take,pay起四个词的用法怎样才不会用混淆他们啊特别是cost和take
求cost,spend,take,pay
起四个词的用法怎样才不会用混淆他们啊特别是cost和take
spend,take,cost和pay的用法
这四个词都有花费的意思.cost指花钱、时间、劳力等;take主要指花时间;pay指花钱;spend指花时间、钱等.cost常以事物做主语,而不以人作主语.初中阶段关于“花钱”,“花费时间”的词常见的有以下五个:buy,cost,pay(for),spend和take.很多学生对这几个词的词义和用法似懂非懂,用起来往往出错.其实这些词都与钱物有关,与时间有关的只有take和spend.下面具体谈一谈其用法:
1.buy,get也可表示此意,给某人买东西、饭、饮料等,主语是人.其常见结构为tobuysb.sth.或tobuysth.forsb.
Iboughtthisbookfor15yuan.
Wouldyoupleasebuymeadictionary?
Letmebuy/getyouadrink.
Buyoneforme.
2.cost指花钱,表示价值或代价(此代价可以是时间).主语是事或物或动词不定式短语.
其常见结构是tocostsb.somemoney.
Thebookcosts50fen.
Thedictionarycostme6yuan.
Theworkcostsmuchtimeandlabour.
3.pay(for),pay表示付给人家钱、帐单等;payfor表示买东西付款,也表示替别人付钱.主语是人.其常见结构是topaysb.somemoney,paymoneyforsth.
Youmustpayme100yuanaweekforyourmeals.
Ihavepaidallmydebts.
Howmuchdidyoupayforthatbook?
Don'tworryaboutmoney.I'llpayforyou.
4.spend指花钱,花费时间.主语是人.其常见结构分别为tospendmoneyonsth.,spendtime(in)doingsth..
Ispentsixyuanonanewdictionary.
—Howdoyouspendyoursparetime?
—Ispendmysparetimewritingbooks.
5.take指花钱(=cost)
Ittakes/costsmealotofmoneytobuyabighouse.
=Tobuyabighousetakes/costsmealotofmoney.
take用来说明做某事需要多少时间,有三种不同的结构:
1)主语是人
Itookhalfanhourtogethomeyesterday.
Shetookthewholedaytoreadthenovel.
2)主语是某种活动
Thejourneytookmehalfanhour.
Readingthenoveltookherthewholeday.
3)用形式主语it
Ittookmehalfanhourtogethomeyesterday.
Ittakesmuchtimetodotheshopping.
试看“我六元钱买了一本词典”的不同译法:
a.Iboughtthedictionaryforsixyuan.
b.Thedictionarycostme6yuan.
c.Ipaidsixyuanforthedictionary.
d.Ispentsixyuanonthedictionary.
e.Ittookmesixyuantobuythedictionary.
再看“读这本书花了我一整天的时间”的不同译法:
a.Ispentthewholedayreadingthebook.
b.Itookthewholedaytoreadthebook.
c.Readingthebooktookmethewholeday.
d.Ittookmethewholedaytoreadthebook.
例如:
①Thecompositioncost(took)methreehours.
②Howmuchdidtheradiocostyou?
这台无线电花了你多少钱?(不用take)
③Theworkcostthemmuchlabour.这件工作花费他们很大的劳动.
④Ittookthemovertwoyearstobuildthebridge.
修建这座桥花了他们两年多的时间.
⑤Ispend50dollarsonthecamera.买这架照相机,我花了50美元.
⑥Heoftenspenthissparetime(in)helpingthepoor.
他经常利用业余时间帮助穷人.
【注意】如要说“这件上衣我花了20美元”,可用下列几种表达方法
Thecoatcostme20dollars.
=Ispent20dollarsonthecoat.
=Ipaid20dollarsforthecoat.
=Iboughtthecoatfor20dollars.
=Iboughtthecoatatthepriceof20dollars.