【Disposing(处理)ofwastehasbeenaproblemsincehumansstartedproducingit.Asmoreandmorepeoplechoosetoliveclosetogetherincities,thewaste-disposalproblembecomesIncreasinglydifficult.Duringtheeighteenthcentury,itwasusual】
Disposing(处理)ofwastehasbeenaproblemsincehumansstartedproducingit.Asmoreandmorepeoplechoosetoliveclosetogetherincities,thewaste-disposalproblembecomesIncreasinglydifficult.
Duringtheeighteenthcentury,itwasusualforseveralneighboringtownstogettogethertoselectafarawayspotasadumpsite.Residentsortrashhaulers(垃圾拖运者)wouldtransporthouseholdrubbish,rottedwood,andoldpossessionstothesite.Periodically(定期的)someofthetrashwasburnedandtherestwasburied.Theunpleasantsightsandsmellscausednoproblembecausenobodylivedcloseby.
Factories,mills,andotherindustrialsitesalsohadwastetobedisposedof.Thoselocatedonriversoftenjustdumpedtheunwantedremainsintothewater.Othersbuilthugeburnerswithchimneystodealwiththeproblem.
Severalfactsmakethesechoicesunacceptabletomodernsociety.ThefirstproblemisspaceDumps,whicharenowcalledlandfills,aremostneededinheavilypopulatedareas.Suchareasrarelyhaveemptylandsuitableforthispurpose.Propertyiseithertooexpensiveortooclosetoresidential(住宅区的)neighborhoods.Long-distancetrashhaulinghasbeenacommonpracticebutoncefarmareasarerefusingtoacceptrubbishfromelsewhere,cheaplandwithintruckingdistanceofmajorcityareasisalmostnonexistent.
Awareness(意识)ofpollutiondangershasresultedinmorestrictrulesofwastedisposal.Pollutionofrivers,groundwater,landandairisapricepeoplecannolongerpaytogetridofwaste.Theamountofwaste,however,continuestogrow.
Recyclingeffortshavebecomecommonplace,andmanytownsrequiretheirpeopletotakepart.Evenhemostefficientrecyclingprograms,however,canhopetodealwithonlyabout50Percentofacity’sreusablewaste.
小题1:Themostsuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe_______.A.PlacesforDisposingWasteB.WastePollutionDangersC.WaysofGettingRidofWasteD.WasteDisposalProblem小题2:Duringthe18thcentury,peopledisposedtheirwasteinmanywaysEXCEPTfor_______.A.buryingitB.recyclingitC.burningitD.throwingitintorivers