【The2012LondonOlympicshadenoughproblemstoworryabout.Butonemorehasjustbeenadded--acommunicationsblackoutcausedbysolarstorms.AfteraperiodofcalmwithintheSunscientistshavedetectedthesignsofafleshcycl】

　　The2012LondonOlympicshadenoughproblemstoworryabout.Butonemorehasjustbeenadded--acommunicationsblackoutcausedbysolarstorms.

　　AfteraperiodofcalmwithintheSunscientistshavedetectedthesignsofafleshcycleofsunspotsthatcouldpeakin2012justintimeforthearrivaloftheOlympictorchinLondon.

　　NowscientistsbelievethatthispeakcouldresultinvastsolarexplosionsthatcouldthrowbillionsoftonsofchargedmattertowardstheEarthcausingstrongsolarstormsthatcouldjamthetelecommunicationssatellitesandinteractlinkssendingfiveOlympicbroadcastfromLondon.

　　"TheSun'sactivityhasastronginfluenceontheEarth.TheOlympicscouldbeinthemiddleofthenextsolarmaximumwhichcouldaffectthefunctionsofcommunicationssatellites"saidProfessorRichardHarrisonheadofspacephysicsattheRutherfordAppletonLaboratoryinOxfordshire.

　　Atthepeakofthecycleviolentoutburstscalledcoronalmassejections(日冕物质抛射)occurintheSun'satmospherethrowingoutgreatquantitiesofelectrically-chargedmatter."Acoronalmassejectioncancarryabilliontonsofsolarmaterialintospaceatoveramillionkilometresperhour.SucheventscanexposeastronautstoadeadlyamountcandisablesatellitescausepowerfailuresonEarthanddisturbcommunications"ProfessorHarrisonadded.Theriskisthegreatestduringasolarmaximumwhenthereisthegreatestnumberofsunspots.

　　NextweekinAmericaNASAisscheduledtolaunchasatelliteformonitoringsolaractivitycalledtheSolarDynamicsObservatory(SDO)whichwilltakeimagesoftheSunthatare10timesclearerthanthemostadvancedtelevisionsavailable.

　　TheRutherfordAppletonLaboratoryhelpedtomakethehigh-techcamerasthatwillcaptureimagesofthesolarflares(太阳耀斑)andexplosionsastheyoccur.

　　ProfessorRichardHarrisonthelab'sdirectorsaidthattheSDOshouldbeabletoprovideearlywarningofasolarflareorexplosionbigenoughtoaffectsatellitecommunicationsonEarth"Ifwehaveadvancedwarningwe'llbeabletoreducethedamage.Whatyoudon'twantisthingsswitchingoffforaweekwithnoideaofwhat'scausedtheproblem"hesaid.

　　【小题1】Thephrase"communicationsblackout"inparagraph1mostprobablyre