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　　Giventhatmotivationissocentraltoourlives，whatdowetrulyunderstandabouthowitoperatesandaboutitsroleinourlives？Theassumptionisthatit'sdrivenbyapositive，external（外部的）reward．Dothis，getthat．Butt

　　Oneofthemoststrikingaspectsofmotivationisthatitoftendrivesustoachievementsthataredifficult，challengingandevenpainflil．Youmaythinkthatyouwouldbehappytospendallyourtimesittingonawhite-sandbeachdrinkingandthataslongasyougettofillyourdaysthisway，youwouldbehappyforever．Butwhileafewdaysofenjoymentmightbefunfromtimetotime，Ican′timaginethatyouwouldbesatisfiedbyspendingyourdays，weeks，months，yearsandevenyourlifethisway．

　　Researchthatexaminesthedifferencesbetweenmeaningandhappinessfindsthatthethingswhichgiveusasenseofmeaningdon'tnecessarilymakeushappy．Moreover，peoplewhoreporthavingmeaningfullivesareoftenmoreinterestedindoingthingsforothers，whilethosewhofocusmostlyondoingthingsforthemselvesreportbeingonlysuperficiallyhappy，inotherwords，justexternallyandapparentlydelighted．Theessentialqualityof"meaning"hastodowithhavingasenseofbeinginvolvedinsomethingbigger thantheself．

　　Weallknowpeopleobtainagreatsenseofmeaningeveninthemostunpleasantofcircumstances．Manyvolunteersspendportionsoftheirlivesworkingindangerous，war-tomareas，tryingtokeepdiseaseanddeathfrominnocentciviliansorteachingorphanstoread．Theirpainisreal；theirsenseofdoingsomethingtrulymeaningfiilissubstantial（丰富的）．Theyshowhowourdeep-rooteddesiretobelievethatourliveshavepurposebeyondourlifespandrivesustoworkextrahard，eventothepointofourownpersonalsuffering，inordertogainmoremeaning．

　　Thepointisthattheseseeminglyunusualandirrational（不合理的）motivationsgetustodothingsthatarecomplex，difficultandunpleasant．Buttheygobeyondhelpingpeopleinneed．Theymotivateusineveryaspectofourlives-whetherinourpersonalrelationships，inourindividualpursuitsorintheworkplace．

　　56．Whafsthemainideaofthepassage？（Nomorethan10words）

　　57．Whyismotivationsosignificanttoourlife？（Nomoreth

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2020-11-1806:31

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　　56．Howtotrulyunderstandmotivation．

　　根据第一段第一第一句话Giventhatmotivationissocentraltoourlives，whatdowetrulyunderstandabouthowitoperatesandaboutitsroleinourlives？可知，我们如何理解动机．

　　57．Becauseitdrivesustoachievementsthataredifficult，challengingandevenpainful．

　　根据第二段第一句话Oneofthemoststrikingaspectsofmotivationisthatitoftendrivesustoachievementsthataredifficult，challengingandevenpainflil可知，动机最显著的一个方面是它驱使我们去获得困难，具有挑战和痛苦的成就．

　　58．Externally/Apparently/Seemingly．

　　根据下文inotherwords，justexternallyandapparentlydelighted可知，换句话说，外表上和明显地高兴．

　　59．Theycangetagreatsenseofmeaning．

　　根据第四段第一句话Weallknowpeopleobtainagreatsenseofmeaningeveninthemostunpleasantofcircumstances可知，我们都知道人们甚至在最不高兴的环境中获得很大的价值感．

　　60．No，Idon't．Becausemotivationismuchmorecomplexthanthat．

　　根据最后一段Thepointisthattheseseeminglyunusualandirrationalmotivationsgetustodothingsthatarecomplex，difficultandunpleasant可知，动机的驱使是复杂的．