TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrancethenadoptedbyhistoriansofculturebyarthistoriansandeventuallybymusichistoriansallofwhom
TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrancethenadoptedbyhistoriansofculturebyarthistoriansandeventuallybymusichistorians allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450~1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftherenewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughoutEurope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearningandidealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohuman—asopposedtospiritual-values.Fulfillmentinlife—asopposedtoconcernaboutanafterlife—becameadesirablegoalandexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon. Artistsandwritersturnedtosecular(非宗教的)aswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.
ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposedexperienceddiscussedandcirculated.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonumentssculptures(雕塑)playsandpoemsthatwerebeingrediscoveredbuttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic—althoughtheycouldreadthewritingsofclassicalphilosopherspoetsessayistsandmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.ForexampletheinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptorspaintersarchitectsandscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandliterature.
ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturemovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermoremusicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf—thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.
71.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Themusic
