(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ，B)In1947agroupoffamouspeoplefromtheartworldheadedbyanAustrianconductordecidedtoholdaninternationalfestivalofmusic，danceandtheatreinEdinburgh.TheideawastoreuniteEuropeaftert

　　(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ，B)In1947agroupoffamouspeoplefromtheartworldheadedbyanAustrianconductordecidedtoholdaninternationalfestivalofmusic，danceandtheatreinEdinburgh.TheideawastoreuniteEuropeaftertheSecondWorldWar.

　　ItquicklyattractedfamousnamessuchasAlecGuinness，RichardBurton，DameMargotFonteynandMarleneDietrichaswellasthebigsymphonyorchestras(交响乐团)．ItbecameafixedeventeveryAugustandnowattracts400,000peopleyearly.

　　Atthesametime，the“Fringe”appearedasachallengetotheofficialfestival.Eighttheatregroupsturnedupuninvitedin1947，inthebeliefthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperform，andtheydidsoinapublichousedisusedforyears.

　　Soon，groupsofstudentsfirstlyfromEdinburghUniversity，andlaterfromtheuniversitiesofOxfordandCambridge，DurhamandBirminghamweremakingthejourneytotheScottishcapitaleachsummertoperformtheatrebylittle­knownwritersofplaysinsmallchurchhallstothepeopleofEdinburgh.

　　Todaythe“Fringe”，oncelessrecognized，hasfaroutgrownthefestivalwitharound1,500performancesoftheatre，musicanddanceoneveryoneofthe21daysitlasts.Andyetasearlyas1959，withonly19theatregroupsperforming，somesaiditwasgettingtoobig.

　　Apaidadministratorwasfirstemployedonlyin1971，andtodaythereareeightadministratorsworkingallyearroundandthenumberrisesto150duringAugustitself.In2004therewere200placeshousing1,695showsbyover600differentgroupsfrom50differentcountries.Morethan1.25millionticketsweresold.

　　小题1:WhatwasthepurposeofEdinburghFestivalatthebeginning?A．TobringEuropetogetheragain.B．TohonorheroesofWorldWarⅡ.C．Tointroduceyoungtheatregroups.D．ToattractgreatartistsfromEurope.小题2:WhydidsomeuninvitedtheatregroupscometoEdinburghin1947?A．Theyownedapublichousethere.B．Theycametotakeupachallenge.C．Theythoughttheywerealsofamous.D．Theywantedtotakepartinthefestival.小题3:Whojoinedthe“Fringe”afteritappeared?