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　　________astheEnglishsayinggoes．UnfortunatelyhonestyoftendesertsuswhennooneiswatchingBritishpsychologistsreportedlastweek．ResearchersatUK'sNewcastleUniversitysetup

　　________astheEnglishsayinggoes．UnfortunatelyhonestyoftendesertsuswhennooneiswatchingBritishpsychologistsreportedlastweek．

　　ResearchersatUK'sNewcastleUniversitysetupanexperimentintheirpsychologydepartment'scoffeeroom．Theysetakettlewithteacoffeeandmilkonthecounterandhungupasignlistingthepricefordrinks．Peoplehelpingthemselvestoacupofteaweresupposedtoputafewcentsintheboxnearby．Thescientistshungaposterabovethemoneyboxandchangedeachweekbetweenimagesofgazingeyesandpicturesofflowers．

　　Theresearchersfoundthatstaffpaid2.76timesmorefortheirdrinkswhentheimageoftheeyeswashung．"Franklywewereshockedbythesizeoftheeffect"saidGilbertRobertsoneoftheresearchers．

　　Eyesareknowntobeapowerfulperceptual(知觉的)signalforhumansscientistssay．"Eventhoughtheeyeswerenotrealtheystillseemedtomakepeoplebehavemorehonestly"saidMelissaBatesonabehaviouralbiologistandleaderofthestudy．

　　Researchersbelievetheeffectshedslightonourevolutionarypast．Itmayarisefrombehaviouralfeaturesthatdevelopedwhenearlyhumansformedsocialgroupstostrengthentheirchancesofsurvival．Forsocialgroupstoworkindividualshadtoco-operateratherthanactselfishly．

　　"There'sanargumentthatifnobodyiswatchingusitisinourintereststobehaveselfishly．Butwhenwe'rebeingwatchedweshouldbehavebetter．Sopeopleseeusasco-operativeandbehavethesamewaytowardsus"Batesonsaid．

　　Thenewfindingindicatesthatpeoplehaveastrikingresponsetoeyes．ThatmightbebecauseeyesandfacessendastrongbiologicalsignalwehavedevelopedtorespondtoBatesonsaid．

　　Thefindingcouldbeputtopracticaluse．Forexampleimagesofeyescouldpromoteticketsalesonpublictransportandimprovesurveillance(监视)systemstopreventanti-socialbehaviour．

　　(1)

　　Intheexperimentaposterwashungabov

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2020-08-1920:30

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方鹏飞

　　答案：1．D;2．B;3．A;4．C;

　　解析：

　　(1)事实细节题。从第二段最后一句可知，一双瞪大的眼睛和一束鲜花两种图画意指两种不同的场景，其目的是为了看看职员们的诚信度。(2)事实细节题。从第二段最后一句可知，一双瞪大的眼睛和一束鲜花两种图画意指两种不同的场景，其目的是为了看看职员们的诚信度。(3)主旨大意题。全文主要谈有人监视和无人监视两种状态下人们的行为态度，从而证明眼睛在某些场所的威慑力。作为文章标题，A项最具概括性和吸引力。(4)谚语首先要能引出文章的中心，其次要符合行文逻辑。从第一段Unfortunatelyhonesty…一句可知，C项最佳。全文大意：诚实是人的本性吗？无论何时何地？实验证明，答案是否定的!