否定疑问句的构成和用法好像又叫反意疑问句-查字典问答网
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  否定疑问句的构成和用法好像又叫反意疑问句

  否定疑问句的构成和用法

  好像又叫反意疑问句

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2020-08-1702:32
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茹昭

  反意疑问句是在陈述句后边加上一个简短问句,对陈述句所叙述的内容提出相反的疑问,这种句子就叫作反意疑问句.反意疑问句可以表示真实的疑问,也可以表示提问人的倾向、强调或反问.如果陈述句是肯定句时,后边的反意疑问句通常要用否定式;反之,如果陈述句是否定句时,后边的反意疑问句通常要用肯定式.陈述句和后边的反意疑问句的主语以及谓语动词的人称、数、时态通常要保持一致.例如:

  HespeaksEnglish,doesn'the?

  Marywon'tdoit,willshe?

  Liescannotcoverupthefacts,canthey?

  回答反意疑问句和回答一般疑问句一样,肯定回答用"Yes,+肯定结构";否定回答用"No,+否定结构".这与汉语习惯有所不同.例如:

  -He'sadoctor,isn'the?他是医生,对吧?

  -Yes,heis.对,他是医生.(No,heisn't.不,他不是医生.)

  -Heisn'tadoctor,ishe?他不是医生,对吧?

  -Yes,heis.不,他是医生.(No,heisn't.对,他不是医生.)

  在使用反意疑问句时,特别要注意以下几点:

  1.当动词have作"有"讲时,可以有两种反意疑问句形式.例如:

  Hehasn'tanysisters,hashe?

  Hedoesn'thaveanysisters,doeshe?

  当have表示其它含义(如:经历、遭受、得到、吃……)讲时,只有一种反意疑问句形式:

  Youallhadagoodtime,didn'tyou?

  Heoftenhascolds,doesn'the?

  Theyhadmilkandbreadforbreakfast,didn'tthey?

  2.如果陈述句的谓语动词含有haveto,hadto时,反意疑问句通常用其适当形式.例如:

  Wehavetogetthereat8a.m.tomorrow,don'twe?

  Theyhadtotaketheearlytrain,didn'tthey?

  3.need和dare既可以作情态动词,又可以作实义动词,注意有两种反意疑问句形式.例如:

  Youneedn'thandinyourpapertoday,needyou?

  Youdon'tneedtohandinyourpapertoday,doyou?

  Hedareasktheteacher,daren'the?

  Hedoesn'tdaretoasktheteacher,doeshe?

  4.如果陈述句的谓语动词含有usedto时,也可以有两种反意疑问句形式.例如:

  HeusedtoliveinLondon,usedn't/didn'the?

  5.如果陈述句中出现never,seldom,hardly,scarely,rarely,few,little,nobody,noone,nothing等含有否定意义的词时,反意疑问句通常要用肯定式.例如:

  Sheseldomgoestotheconcert,doesshe?

  Hehasfewgoodreasonsforstaying,hashe?

  6.如果陈述句中的主语是不定式短语、动名词短语、从句、everything或nothing时,反意疑问句通常要用it作主语.例如:

  Tosell/Sellingnewspaperwashisjob,wasn'tit?

  Whathesaidistrue,isn'tit?

  Everythingisallright,isn'tit?

  7.如果陈述句中的主语是不定代词everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,nobody,noone,eachof等时,反意疑问句通常要用they或he作主语.例如:

  Somebodyborrowedmybike,didn'tthey/he?

  Eachofthempassedtheexam,didn'tthey?

  Noonewashurt,washe/werethey?

  8.如果陈述句用"Iam"时,反意疑问句通常要用"aren't".例如:

  I'mlate,aren't

  9.如果陈述句是含有宾语从句的复合句式,反意疑问句的主语以及谓语动词的人称、数、时态通常要与主句保持一致.例如:

  Heneversaidthathewouldcome,didhe?

  Itoldthatnoteveryonecoulddoit,didn't

  但是,如果陈述句是"Idon'tthink(believe,suppose,imagine等)含有宾语从句的复合句式",反意疑问句的主语以及谓语动词的人称、数、时态通常要和从句保持一致,并且要用肯定式.例如:

  Idon'tthinktheladycancompletethedifficultjobalone,canshe?

  Idon'tbelieveheknowsit,doeshe?

  10.如果陈述句是含有"therebe"结构时,反意疑问句要用there,省去主语代词.例如:

  Thereissomethingwrongwithyourcomputer,isn'tthere?

  Therewon'tbeanytrouble,willthere?

  11.如果陈述句的谓语是wish时,反意疑问句的谓语动词通常要用may.例如:

  Iwishtovisityourschool,may

  12.如果陈述句是并列句,反意疑问句的主语以及谓语动词的人称、数、时态通常要与第二个分句保持一致.例如:

  Tomisn'tagoodstudent,foritisthesecondtimehehasbeenlatethisweek,isn'tit?

2020-08-17 02:33:48
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