PositionPaper

　　Delegate:WuYarui

　　School:UniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomy

　　Country:Indonesia

　　Committee:CommissiononSustainableDevelopment(CSD)

　　Topic:Thefuturedevelopmentandsafeutilizationofnuclearpower

　　Internationalconcernoverthefuturedevelopmentandsafeutilizationofnuclearhasincreasedsteadilyandisnottobeneglected.Althoughitisbeneficialtousbecauseitisaclearenergyandcostsstably,italsobringsuswithsomepotentialdangerousfactors.Thereisnodenyingthattheleakage,nuclearweapon,andtheimmensecostofnucleararebigthreatstoallhumanbeings.AndnowIndonesiaholdstheviewthatwehavereachedthetimewhenwemustberesponsiblefortheseaffairssowecannotjustsitbackandletitgofrombadtoworse.

　　UNhassparednoeffortstoavoidtheharmfuleffectsthatnuclearpowerhasbroughttous.TheIAEA(InternationalAtomicEnergyAgency)wasestablishedundertheUNtopromotethepeacefuluseofnuclearenergy.TheUNODA(theUNOfficeforDisarmamentAffairs)isalsosetuptopromotenucleardisarmament.What’smore,theCTBT(ComprehensiveNuclear-Test-BanTreaty)hassignedin1996,manycountriesreachedaconsensusparticularlyonnuclearweapons.

　　Indonesiaplanstodevelopthenuclearindustryforpeacefulpurposes.BAPETEN(BadanPengawasTenagaNuklir)wasestablishedtobealegislativeorganfornuclearenergyin1998.Apartfromit,IndonesiaisamemberoftheIAEAandasignatorytotheNPT(Non-ProliferationofNuclearWeapons).Furthermore,Indonesiaagreednottoconductnuclear-weaponstestingandIndonesiasignedtreatiesfornuclearcooperationwithSouthKorea,Russia,AustraliaandtheUnitedSated.Indonesiahassincemadeitclearthatwewantahigher-capacitynuclearpowerplant,andwillconstructaland-basedplant.

　　Facedwithsuchacontroversialproblem,Indonesiahasfollowingsuggestions.Firstly,theinternationallawabouttheutilizationofnuclearisnotnormativeandstrictenough,itisUN(UnitedNations)’sresponsibilitytocompleteitinallrespects.Besides,amechanismtosuperviseundertheCommissiononSustainableDevelopment(CSD)shouldbeestablishedparticularlyforsometurbulentcountries.Secondly,Indonesiabelievesitisessentialtoenhancemultilateralcooperationtopreventiteitherformallyorinformally,suchasGICNT(GlobalInitiativetoCombatNuclearTerrorism),IAEA(InternationalAtomicEnergyAgency),andsoon.Apartfromwhatwehavedone,therearestillsomethingremainedtobeimproved.Hereissomeadvice:Tofacilitateinformationsharingandbestpracticeamongstates;Tosetahigherstandardforphysicalprotectioninthecontextofunforeseendangerssuchasnaturaldisastersandterroristattacks;Totakemeasurestoimprovethetransparencyandtrustsoastokeepthestabilityandbalancebetweeneachnation.Finally,countriesthatplantobuildnuclearplantsandreactorsshouldconsiderthelocationasmuchaspossibleandIndonesiabelievesthatitisalsocriticalforeachgovernmenttoraisepublicawarenessbyteachingthemthenuclearsafetyeducation.